The overwhelming majority of a software system’s lifespan is spent in use, not in design or implementation. So, why does conventional wisdom insist that software engineers focus primarily on the design and development of large scale computing systems?In this collection of essays and articles, key members of Google’s Site Reliability Team explain how and why their commitment to the entire lifecycle has enabled the company to successfully build, deploy, monitor, and maintain some of the largest software systems in the world. You’ll learn the principles and practices that enable Google engineers to make systems more scalable, reliable, and efficient—lessons directly applicable to your organization.This book is divided into four sections:Introduction—Learn what site reliability engineering is and why it differs from conventional IT industry practicesPrinciples—Examine the patterns, behaviors, and areas of concern that influence the work of a site reliability engineer (SRE)Practices—Understand the theory and practice of an SRE’s day to day work: building and operating large distributed computing systemsManagement—Explore Google's best practices for training, communication, and meetings that your organization can use Read more

A new approach to safety, based on systems thinking, that is more effective, less costly, and easier to use than current techniques.Engineering has experienced a technological revolution, but the basic engineering techniques applied in safety and reliability engineering, created in a simpler, analog world, have changed very little over the years. In this groundbreaking book, Nancy Leveson proposes a new approach to safety—more suited to today's complex, sociotechnical, software-intensive world—based on modern systems thinking and systems theory. Revisiting and updating ideas pioneered by 1950s aerospace engineers in their System Safety concept, and testing her new model extensively on real-world examples, Leveson has created a new approach to safety that is more effective, less expensive, and easier to use than current techniques.Arguing that traditional models of causality are inadequate, Leveson presents a new, extended model of causation (Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes, or STAMP), then shows how the new model can be used to create techniques for system safety engineering, including accident analysis, hazard analysis, system design, safety in operations, and management of safety-critical systems. She applies the new techniques to real-world events including the friendly-fire loss of a U.S. Blackhawk helicopter in the first Gulf War; the Vioxx recall; the U.S. Navy SUBSAFE program; and the bacterial contamination of a public water supply in a Canadian town. Leveson's approach is relevant even beyond safety engineering, offering techniques for “reengineering” any large sociotechnical system to improve safety and manage risk. Read more

In 2016, Googleâ??s Site Reliability Engineering book ignited an industry discussion on what it means to run production services todayâ??and why reliability considerations are fundamental to service design. Now, Google engineers who worked on that bestseller introduce The Site Reliability Workbook, a hands-on companion that uses concrete examples to show you how to put SRE principles and practices to work in your environment.This new workbook not only combines practical examples from Googleâ??s experiences, but also provides case studies from Googleâ??s Cloud Platform customers who underwent this journey. Evernote, The Home Depot, The New York Times, and other companies outline hard-won experiences of what worked for them and what didnâ??t.Dive into this workbook and learn how to flesh out your own SRE practice, no matter what size your company is.Youâ??ll learn:How to run reliable services in environments you donâ??t completely controlâ??like cloudPractical applications of how to create, monitor, and run your services via Service Level ObjectivesHow to convert existing ops teams to SREâ??including how to dig out of operational overloadMethods for starting SRE from either greenfield or brownfield Read more

This reference text introduces advanced topics in the field of reliability engineering, introduces statistical modeling techniques, and probabilistic methods for diverse applications.It comprehensively covers important topics including consecutive-type reliability systems, coherent structures, multi-scale statistical modeling, the performance of reliability structures, big data analytics, prognostics, and health management. It covers real-life applications including optimization of telecommunication networks, complex infrared detecting systems, oil pipeline systems, and vacuum systems in accelerators or spacecraft relay stations. The text will serve as an ideal reference book for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of industrial engineering, manufacturing science, mathematics, and statistics. Read more

This book comprehensively outlines what a holistic and effective Root Cause Analysis (RCA) system looks like. From the designing of the support infrastructure to the measuring of effectiveness on the bottom-line, this book provides the blueprint for making it happen. While traditionally RCA is viewed as a reactive tool, the authors will show how it can be applied proactively to prevent failures from occurring in the first place. RCA is a key element of any successful Reliability Engineering initiative. Such initiatives are comprised of equipment, process and human reliability foundations. Human reliability is critical to the success of a true RCA approach. This book explores the anatomy of a failure (undesirable outcome) as well as a potential failure (high risks). Virtually all failures are triggered by errors of omission or commission by human beings. The methodologies described in this book are applicable to any industry because the focus is on the human being's ability to think through why things go wrong, not on the industry or the nature of the failure. This book correlates reliability to safety as well as human performance improvement efforts. The author has provided a healthy balance between theory and practical application, wrapping up with case studies demonstrating bottom-line results.FeaturesOutlines in detail every aspect of an effective RCA ‘system’Displays appreciation for the role of understanding the physics of a failure as well as the human and system’s contributionDemonstrates the role of RCA in a comprehensive Asset Performance Management (APM) systemExplores the correlation between Reliability Engineering and SafetyIntegrates the concepts of Human Performance Improvement, Learning Teams, and Human Error Reduction approaches into RCA Read more

A comprehensive guide to rolling out Datadog to monitor infrastructure and applications running in both cloud and datacenter environmentsKey Features: Learn Datadog to proactively monitor your infrastructure and cloud servicesUse Datadog as a platform for aggregating monitoring efforts in your organizationLeverage Datadog's alerting service to implement on-call and site reliability engineering (SRE) processesBook Description: Datadog is an essential cloud monitoring and operational analytics tool which enables the monitoring of servers, virtual machines, containers, databases, third-party tools, and application services. IT and DevOps teams can easily leverage Datadog to monitor infrastructure and cloud services, and this book will show you how.The book starts by describing basic monitoring concepts and types of monitoring that are rolled out in a large-scale IT production engineering environment. Moving on, the book covers how standard monitoring features are implemented on the Datadog platform and how they can be rolled out in a real-world production environment. As you advance, you'll discover how Datadog is integrated with popular software components that are used to build cloud platforms. The book also provides details on how to use monitoring standards such as Java Management Extensions (JMX) and StatsD to extend the Datadog platform. Finally, you'll get to grips with monitoring fundamentals, learn how monitoring can be rolled out using Datadog proactively, and find out how to extend and customize the Datadog platform.By the end of this Datadog book, you will have gained the skills needed to monitor your cloud infrastructure and the software applications running on it using Datadog.What You Will Learn: Understand monitoring fundamentals, including metrics, monitors, alerts, and thresholdsImplement core monitoring requirements using Datadog featuresExplore Datadog's integration with cloud platforms and toolsExtend Datadog using custom scripting and standards such as JMX and StatsDDiscover how proactive monitoring can be rolled out using various Datadog featuresUnderstand how Datadog can be used to monitor microservices in both Docker and Kubernetes environmentsGet to grips with advanced Datadog features such as APM and Security MonitoringWho this book is for: This book is for DevOps engineers, site reliability engineers (SREs), IT Production engineers, software developers and architects, cloud engineers, system administrators, and anyone looking to monitor and visualize their infrastructure and applications with Datadog. Basic working knowledge of cloud and infrastructure is useful. Working experience of Linux distribution and some scripting knowledge is required to fully take advantage of the material provided in the book. Read more

Cloud services are just as susceptible to network outages as any other platform. This concise book shows you how to prepare for potentially devastating interruptions by building your own resilient and reliable applications in the public cloud. Guided by engineers from 9apps—an independent provider of Amazon Web Services and Eucalyptus cloud solutions—you’ll learn how to combine AWS with open source tools such as PostgreSQL, MongoDB, and Redis.This isn’t a book on theory. With detailed examples, sample scripts, and solid advice, software engineers with operations experience will learn specific techniques that 9apps routinely uses in its cloud infrastructures.Build cloud applications with the "rip, mix, and burn" approachGet a crash course on Amazon Web ServicesLearn the top ten tips for surviving outages in the cloudUse elasticsearch to build a dependable NoSQL data storeCombine AWS and PostgreSQL to build an RDBMS that scales wellCreate a highly available document database with MongoDB Replica Set and SimpleDBAugment Redis with AWS to provide backup/restore, failover, and monitoring capabilitiesWork with CloudFront and Route 53 to safeguard global content delivery

Organizations big and small have started to realize just how crucial system and application reliability is to their business. Theyâ??ve also learned just how difficult it is to maintain that reliability while iterating at the speed demanded by the marketplace. Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) is a proven approach to this challenge.SRE is a large and rich topic to discuss. Google led the way with Site Reliability Engineering, the wildly successful Oâ??Reilly book that described Googleâ??s creation of the discipline and the implementation thatâ??s allowed them to operate at a planetary scale. Inspired by that earlier work, this book explores a very different part of the SRE space. The more than two dozen chapters in Seeking SRE bring you into some of the important conversations going on in the SRE world right now.Listen as engineers and other leaders in the field discuss:Different ways of implementing SRE and SRE principles in a wide variety of settingsHow SRE relates to other approaches such as DevOpsSpecialties on the cutting edge that will soon be commonplace in SREBest practices and technologies that make practicing SRE easierThe important but rarely explored human side of SREDavid N. Blank-Edelman is the bookâ??s curator and editor. Read more

Completely updated for a new edition, this book introduces reliability and risks analysis, for both practicing engineers and engineering students at the undergraduate and graduate levels. Since reliability analysis is a multidisciplinary subject, this book draws together a wide range of topics and presents them in a way that applies to most engineering disciplines.Reliability and Risk Analysis, Second Edition, emphasizes an introduction and explanation of the practical methods used in reliability and risk studies, with a discussion of their uses and limitations. It offers basic and advanced methods in reliability analysis that are commonly used in daily practice and provides methods that address unique topics such as dependent failure analysis, importance analysis, and analysis of repairable systems. The book goes on to present a comprehensive overview of modern probabilistic life assessment methods such as Bayesian estimation, system reliability analysis, and human reliability. End-of-chapter problems and a solutions manual are available to support any course adoptions.This book is refined, simple, and focuses on fundamentals. The audience is the beginner with no background in reliability engineering and rudimentary knowledge of probability and statistics. It can be used by new practitioners, undergraduates, and first-year graduate students. Read more

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A value-packed two-book set that combines the best of engineering dependable and secure software systems with the best in-depth look at physical lock security and insecurityIn Security Engineering: A Guide to Building Dependable Distributed Systems, Cambridge University professor Ross Anderson updates his classic textbook and teaches readers how to design, implement, and test systems to withstand both error and attack. Now the latest edition brings it up to date for 2020. As people now go online from phones more than laptops, most servers are in the cloud, online advertising drives the Internet and social networks have taken over much human interaction, many patterns of crime and abuse are the same, but the methods have evolved. Ross Anderson explores what security engineering means in 2020, including:How the basic elements of cryptography, protocols, and access control translate to the new world of phones, cloud services, social media and the Internet of ThingsWho the attackers are – from nation states and business competitors through criminal gangs to stalkers and playground bulliesSecurity psychology, from privacy through ease-of-use to deception The economics of security and dependability – why companies build vulnerable systems and governments look the other wayHow to manage security and safety engineering in a world of agile development – from reliability engineering to DevSecOpsSecurity Engineering ends with a grand challenge: sustainable security. As we build ever more software and connectivity into safety-critical durable goods like cars and medical devices, how do we design systems we can maintain and defend for decades? Or will everything in the world need monthly software upgrades, and become unsafe once they stop?In Tobias on Locks and Insecurity Engineering, renowned investigative attorney and physical security expert Marc Weber Tobias delivers a comprehensive and insightful exploration of how locks are designed, built, and ― ultimately ― defeated by criminals, spies, hackers, and even lockpickers. In the book, you'll discover the myriad ways that security experts and bad actors have compromised physical locks using everything from the newest 3D printers to 99-cent ballpoint pens.The book explores the origins of different lock designs and the mistakes that design engineers make when they create new locks. It explains the countless ways that locks remain at risk for attack.The author explains the latest lock designs and technology, as well as how to assess whether a specific solution will work for you depending on your individual security requirements and use case. You'll also find ways to differentiate between fatally flawed locks and solid, secure options as well as examinations of lock security from the perspectives of forced entry, covert entry, and key-control.Together these two books are the perfect guides for security and information technology professionals, design engineers, risk managers, law enforcement personnel, intelligence agents, regulators, policymakers, investigators, lawyers, and more. Read more

An authoritative guide to the most recent advances in statistical methods for quantifying reliabilityStatistical Methods for Reliability Data, Second Edition (SMRD2) is an essential guide to the most widely used and recently developed statistical methods for reliability data analysis and reliability test planning. Written by three experts in the area, SMRD2 updates and extends the long- established statistical techniques and shows how to apply powerful graphical, numerical, and simulation-based methods to a range of applications in reliability. SMRD2 is a comprehensive resource that describes maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods for solving practical problems that arise in product reliability and similar areas of application. SMRD2 illustrates methods with numerous applications and all the data sets are available on the book’s website. Also, SMRD2 contains an extensive collection of exercises that will enhance its use as a course textbook.The SMRD2's website contains valuable resources, including R packages, Stan model codes, presentation slides, technical notes, information about commercial software for reliability data analysis, and csv files for the 93 data sets used in the book's examples and exercises. The importance of statistical methods in the area of engineering reliability continues to grow and SMRD2 offers an updated guide for, exploring, modeling, and drawing conclusions from reliability data.SMRD2 features:Contains a wealth of information on modern methods and techniques for reliability data analysisOffers discussions on the practical problem-solving power of various Bayesian inference methodsProvides examples of Bayesian data analysis performed using the R interface to the Stan system based on Stan models that are available on the book's websiteIncludes helpful technical-problem and data-analysis exercise sets at the end of every chapterPresents illustrative computer graphics that highlight data, results of analyses, and technical conceptsWritten for engineers and statisticians in industry and academia, Statistical Methods for Reliability Data, Second Edition offers an authoritative guide to this important topic. Read more

This is an introductory book on generating functions (GFs) and their applications. It discusses commonly encountered generating functions in engineering and applied sciences, such as ordinary generating functions (OGF), exponential generating functions (EGF), probability generating functions (PGF), etc. Some new GFs like Pochhammer generating functions for both rising and falling factorials are introduced in Chapter 2. Two novel GFs called "mean deviation generating function" (MDGF) and "survival function generating function" (SFGF), are introduced in Chapter 3. The mean deviation of a variety of discrete distributions are derived using the MDGF. The last chapter discusses a large number of applications in various disciplines including algebra, analysis of algorithms, polymer chemistry, combinatorics, graph theory, number theory, reliability, epidemiology, bio-informatics, genetics, management, economics, and statistics. Some background knowledge on GFs is often assumed for courses in analysis of algorithms, advanced data structures, digital signal processing (DSP), graph theory, etc. These are usually provided by either a course on "discrete mathematics" or "introduction to combinatorics." But, GFs are also used in automata theory, bio-informatics, differential equations, DSP, number theory, physical chemistry, reliability engineering, stochastic processes, and so on. Students of these courses may not have exposure to discrete mathematics or combinatorics. This book is written in such a way that even those who do not have prior knowledge can easily follow through the chapters, and apply the lessons learned in their respective disciplines. The purpose is to give a broad exposure to commonly used techniques of combinatorial mathematics, highlighting applications in a variety of disciplines.